Abstract

Emotion detection in text plays a very crucial role in NLP applications such as sentiment anal- ysis and feedback analysis. This study tackles two tasks: multi-label emotion detection, where the goal is to classify text based on six emotions (joy, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, and disgust) in a multilingual setting, and emotion intensity prediction, which assigns an ordinal intensity score to each of the above-given emotions. Using the BRIGHTER dataset, a multilingual corpus spanning 28 languages, the paper ad- dresses issues like class imbalances by treating each emotion as an independent binary classifi- cation problem. The paper first explores strate- gies such as static embeddings such as GloVe with logistic regression classifiers on top of it. To capture contextual nuances more effectively, we fine-tune transformer based models, such as BERT and RoBERTa. Our approach demon- strates the benefits of fine-tuning for improved emotion prediction, while also highlighting the challenges of multilingual and multi-label clas- sification.

Abstract

Machine Translation (MT) is an essential tool for communication among people across different cultures, yet Named Entity (NE) translation remains a major challenge due to its rarity in occurrence and ambiguity. Traditional approaches, like using lexicons or parallel corpora, often fail to generalize to unseen entities and, hence, do not perform well. To address this, we create a silver dataset using the Google Translate API and fine-tune the facebook/nllb200-distilled-600M model with LoRA (LowRank Adaptation) to enhance translation accuracy while also maintaining efficient memory use. Evaluated with metrics such as BLEU, COMET, and M-ETA, our results show that fine-tuning a specialized MT model improves NE translation without having to rely on largescale general-purpose models.

Abstract

Many real-world systems can be modeled as dynamic graphs, where nodes and edges evolve over time, requiring specialized models to capture their evolving dynamics in risk-sensitive applications effectively. Graph neural networks (GNNs) for temporal graphs are one such category of specialized models. For the first time, our approach integrates a reject option strategy within the framework of GNNs for continuous time dynamic graphs (CTDGs). This allows the model to strategically abstain from making predictions when the uncertainty is high and confidence is low, thus minimizing the risk of critical misclassification and enhancing the results and reliability. We propose a coverage-based abstention prediction model to implement the reject option that maximizes prediction within a specified coverage. It improves the prediction score for link prediction and node classification tasks. Temporal GNNs deal with extremely skewed datasets for the next state prediction or node classification task. In the case of class imbalance, our method can be further tuned to provide a higher weight to the minority class. Exhaustive experiments are presented on four datasets for dynamic link prediction and two datasets for dynamic node classification tasks. This demonstrates the effectiveness of our approach in improving the reliability and area under the curve (AUC)/average precision (AP) scores for predictions in dynamic graph scenarios. The results highlight our model’s ability to efficiently handle the trade-offs between prediction confidence and coverage, making it a dependable solution for applications requiring high precision in dynamic and uncertain environments.

Abstract

Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) are critical for public health and environmental sustainability. However, Traditional water quality monitoring in globally heavily relies on labour-intensive, lab-based methods, which pose significant challenges but in recent years, IoT-based sensors have emerged as a promising alternative. However, these sensors face challenges including sensor fouling and frequent manual maintenance, which compromise long-term accuracy and operational efficiency. This study presents an innovative IoT enabled Self-Cleaning Water Quality Monitoring System (SC-WQMS) to address these challenges through automation and precision. The proposed system integrates advanced features, including self-cleaning mechanisms. Key water quality parameter, such as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) is analysed in real-time by using IoT-based sensors. The proposed IoT-enabled SC-WQMS demonstrates significantly better accuracy over traditional non-cleaning devices. Lab report data over a two-month period reveals that the SC-WQMS maintains an average accuracy of 95%-98.5% for TDS measurements, compared to 68%-75% accuracy observed in traditional IoT-based non cleaning devices due to issues like algae formation and particle buildup over the same period. This substantial difference highlights the SC-WQMS's effectiveness in ensuring reliable data transmission to a cloud server. By mitigating the challenges faced by traditional methods. The proposed SC-WQMS represents a scalable, efficient, and sustainable solution for modern water treatment facilities, addressing the operational challenges of traditional systems while promoting better resource management and environmental protection.

Abstract

We introduce Berman-intersection-dual Berman (BiD) codes. These are abelian codes of length $3^m$ that can be constructed using Kronecker products of a $3 times 3$ kernel matrix. BiD codes offer minimum distance close to that of Reed-Muller (RM) codes at practical blocklengths, and larger distance than RM codes asymptotically in the blocklength. Simulations of BiD codes of length $3^5=243$ in the erasure and Gaussian channels show that their block error rates under maximum-likelihood decoding are similar to, and sometimes better, than RM, RM-Polar, and CRC-aided Polar codes.

Abstract

Diffusion-based motion planners are becoming popular due to their well-established performance improvements, stemming from sample diversity and the ease of incorporating new constraints directly during inference. However, a primary limitation of the diffusion process is the requirement for a substantial number of denoising steps, especially when the denoising process is coupled with gradient-based guidance. In this paper, we introduce, diffusion in the parametric space of trajectories, where the parameters are represented as Bernstein coefficients. We show that this representation greatly improves the effectiveness of the cost function guidance and the inference speed. We also introduce a novel stitching algorithm that leverages the diversity in diffusion-generated trajectories to produce collision-free trajectories with just a single cost function-guided model. We demonstrate that our approaches outperform current SOTA diffusion-based motion planners for manipulators and provide an ablation study on key components.

Abstract

Software developers commonly use logging mechanisms to gather runtime data. Over the years, this information has been used for various purposes like debugging, behavioral analysis, system comprehension, etc. Frameworks such as log4j and Logback have helped standardize logging practices by incorporating Software Engineering principles. Logging interactions in Virtual Reality (VR) applications can help understand user behavior and assist with automated conformance checks. In this paper, we introduce VRSLOG, a generalized logging framework that can capture interactions across diverse VR scenes without any changes to the framework. We implement a prototype of the VRSLOG framework and demonstrate the generation of log files. Further, the log files are used to conduct conformance checks against a predefined expected sequence of events within the VR scene.

Abstract

In this study, we present our approach to SemEval Task 8: Question Answering over Tabular Data (Os’es Grijalba et al., 2025), where we develop a Large Language Models(LLM) based agent capable of answering questions over tabular data. Our agent leverages a set of custom defined tools incorporating structured table parsing and reasoning mechanisms to enhance semantic understanding of tabular data. Extending our methodology, we apply chain-of- thought prompting to further refine it’s understanding of the task. Our findings suggest that LLM-based agents, when properly adapted, can significantly improve their table-based question answering capabilities.

Abstract

Background Protest music has historically shaped collective identity and transformed struggle into shared resistance. While prior research has examined its usage and impact (Bianchi, 2018; Mondak, 1988), little is known about the linguistic and acoustic markers that drive its perceptual distinctiveness. This study investigates whether protest songs exhibit consistent structural and expressive patterns that differentiate them from non-protest music. Methodology We analyzed 458 protest songs extracted from Wikipedia (Jiang & Jin, 2022) and 370 non-protest songs matched by time period. The following linguistic features were computed from lyrics: repetition rate (repeated bigrams/trigrams per lyrical line), lexical diversity (TTR = unique word types divided by total word tokens, reflecting vocabulary variation), unique word ratio (unique word types divided by lyrical lines, capturing how many new words appear per line), valence (emotional positivity or negativity), and rhyme density (number of rhyming word pairs per line). We also analyzed acoustic features obtained from the Spotify API: speechiness (degree of spoken-word content), danceability (rhythmic stability; a stable rhythm makes the brain follow the beats), acousticness (likelihood of acoustic over electric timbre), and instrumentalness (absence of vocals). Results Protest songs showed significantly higher rhyme density, repetition rate, greater unique word ratio, lower lexical diversity, and more negative valence than non-protest songs (all p < .001). A logistic regression classifier trained on these features achieved 90% accuracy, confirming their discriminative strength. Protest songs had significantly higher values for all acoustic features as well (p < .001). Deep learning was used to classify protest and non-protest songs; using lyrics with XLRoBERTa (94% accuracy) outperformed the audio model CLAP (89% accuracy). However, both are significant, so we can infer both the message and medium are responsible for the distinctive features of protest music. Genre may act as a confounding factor, as protest songs tend to cluster in rock, metal, country, and hip-hop, unlike non-protest songs which skew toward pop and disco. This limitation can be addressed in future work. Discussion The highly negative valence suggests that protest songs revolve mostly around negative themes. High repetition aids attention and recall. Low lexical diversity with high unique word ratio reflects figurative, chant-like repetition—where key phrases recur for impact, while new words enrich new lines. High rhyme density indicates phonetic structuring and lyrical crafting. Protest songs exhibit high speechiness, indicating a spoken-word style delivery. Their high danceability reflects stable, rhythmic patterns that facilitate collective engagement. Elevated acousticness suggests a preference for raw, organic textures. Meanwhile, high instrumentalness points to moments of vocal sparseness, where instruments alone carry emotional weight. Conclusion This study sheds light on how protest songs use structural and acoustic cues to create emotionally charged experiences. It contributes to a deeper understanding of the perceptual features of protest music and offers empirical grounding of the key distinguishing features. These findings deepen our understanding of the structural and expressive elements of protest music, providing valuable insights for research in music, linguistics, and social movements.

Abstract

The global rise of football analytics has rapidly transformed how clubs make strategic decisions (morgulev2018sports,). However, in India, the adoption of analytics remains constrained by institutional resistance, infrastructural limitations, and cultural barriers—challenges that grassroots innovation and low-cost data solutions have the potential to overcome. Despite the increasing popularity of the Indian Super League (scroll2020isl,; chatterjee2021isl,), resource scarcity and fragmented governance continue to hinder the widespread adoption and impact of analytics. This mixed-methods study explores how informal, decentralized analytics communities—comprising amateur analysts and Twitter-based “data sleuths”—navigate these constraints through peer mentorship and grassroots innovation. Drawing on extensive digital ethnography, participant observation, and interviews, the study illustrates how these informal networks mitigate data scarcity, limited digital infrastructure, and institutional indifference while fostering skill development and professional growth. Building on these insights, the paper proposes HCI interventions such as decentralized knowledge platforms to facilitate structured, cross-border peer mentorship and low-cost data solutions—including AI-assisted player tracking and mobile analytics dashboards—rooted in principles of frugal innovation (shauloff2023ai,). These interventions aim to bridge the data divide, support inclusive technical engagement in sport, and enhance analytics-driven decision-making in resource-constrained environments. This paper contributes to HCIxB’s focus on cross-border collaboration by highlighting how community-driven technological adaptation in the Global South can foster meaningful participation, skill-building, and long-term sustainability through informal learning networks and scalable, context-sensitive tools (vashistha2017cve,; nawaz2021farming,).